Type 1 oculocutaneous albinism is described by which pigment and acuity pattern?

• A. Normal pigment with 20/100
• B. No pigment but normal vision
• C. Normal pigment; acuity 20/20
• D. No pigment; acuity around 2/200-20/400

Answer: (D)

Type 1 oculocutaneous albinism involves little to no melanin production, so pigment is effectively absent in skin, hair, and eyes. That lack of pigment makes the iris more translucent and leads to ocular development issues like foveal hypoplasia and misrouting of the optic nerves, which together cause markedly reduced vision. The typical pattern is no pigment with a severe reduction in acuity, commonly in the range of about 2/200 to 20/400. This is why the description with no pigment and acuity around 2/200–20/400 best fits Type 1 OCA. The other patterns imply normal pigment or normal vision, which do not align with how Type 1 albinism presents.