Dry Macular Dystrophy is best described by which mechanism?

• A. Inflammation is the primary cause
• B. It resolves spontaneously
• C. Deposits cause damage to macula over time
• D. It is not associated with macular damage

Answer: (C)

Dry macular dystrophy is a degenerative process where extracellular deposits accumulate in the macula (around the retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch’s membrane). Over time these deposits disrupt nutrient exchange and photoreceptor support, leading to progressive atrophy of the central retina and gradual loss of sharp central vision. It is not driven by inflammation and does not spontaneously resolve; the damage accumulates slowly. This condition involves clear macular damage, consistent with a degenerative process due to deposits rather than a non-macular or inflammatory cause.